Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a perennial flowering plant native to Europe and Asia. It has been introduced to North America, where it is now naturalized in some regions.
In the summer when the mature plants reach a height of 1.5 metres (5 feet), they bear sweetly scented pink or white flowers that attract many fly species, especially hoverflies. People gather the stem for use as cut flowers to keep valerian from reseeding and becoming invasive.
Essential
Soil composition and ph levels for Valerian plants
The ideal soil composition and pH levels for Valerian are:
– Soil type: Well-drained, loamy soil
– Soil pH: 6.0 to 7.0
– Soil texture: Sandy loam or loam
If the soil does not meet these requirements, it will need to be amended before planting. The best way to amend the soil is to mix in organic matter such as compost or manure. Valerian is easily grown in average garden soils in full to part sun.
Its preference is full sun, with consistently moist conditions, and soil consisting of fertile loam but can adapt to less ideal circumstances. It can be grown in part shade, however, the stems may flop.
This process of amending of soil will help to improve the drainage and aeration of the soil while also increasing its nutrient content. Once the soil has been amended, it should be tested again to ensure that it meets the ideal composition and pH levels for Valerian.
Watering and sunlight for Valerian plants
The plant prefers full sun or partial shade and moist, well-drained soil. Watering Valerian once a week should be sufficient; however, the plant will benefit from additional watering during periods of extended drought. When watering Valerian, be sure to avoid wetting the foliage, as this can encourage fungal growth.
Water early in the day so that the leaves have time to dry before nightfall. Mulching around the base of the plant will help to retain moisture and keep the roots cool during hot summer days.
Pests and diseases affecting Valerian plants
Valerian plants normally face no serious insect or disease problems except that they can become weedy and invasive and take over natural space. However, Verticillium wilt and Rhizoctonia root rot have been observed in root cuttings in some areas.
Are Valerian flowering plants?
Valerians (Valeriana officinalis) are flowering plants, and they produce small, white or pink flowers. The plant grows to 1-2 m (3-6 ft) tall, with opposite leaves that are 2-8 cm (0.8-3.1 in) long and 2-5 cm (0.8-2 in) wide. The flowers are small and white, blooming from July to August. The flowers have a strong scent, which some people find unpleasant.
Growing valerian plants indoors
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a hardy flowering plant that thrives in full sun and well-drained soil. Though it is commonly grown outdoors, valerian can also be grown successfully indoors with the proper care. When growing valerian indoors, choose a location that receives direct sunlight for at least six hours per day.
The plant will also need a moss rose or Arizona potting mix that is well-draining. Water indoor valerian plants deeply but only when the top inch of soil is dry to the touch. Allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings to prevent root rot. Fertilize valerian plants every two weeks with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer. With proper care, indoor valerian plants will bloom from late spring to early summer.
Growing valerian plants in containers
The flowers of valerian plants are typically beautiful pink or white in color and have a delicate, sweet fragrance. Valerian is often grown in containers, as it does not tolerate cold weather well. It prefers full sun but will also do well in partial shade.
The soil should be well-drained and fertile. Valerian can be propagated by seed, cuttings, or division. It is a fast-growing plant and can become invasive if not kept in check. In some parts of the United States, such as Arizona, valerian is considered to be a weed.
Best methods for propagating valerian plants
Valerian can be grown from seed sown in spring, from softwood cuttings taken from new shoots in spring, or from established clumps divided in spring or autumn. The seeds can be sown directly in the ground after all chance of frost has passed, or they can be started indoors several weeks earlier and then transplanted outside.
Simply take a cutting from an existing plant and place it in a pot of well-drained soil. Water the cutting regularly and keep it in a sunny spot. Within a few weeks, the cutting will develop roots and begin to grow. You can then transplant it into your garden or landscape. With a little care and attention, your moss rose will soon begin to thrive.
Benefits of Valerian plants
Valerian plant is a hardy herbaceous perennial, which is typically used in herbal medicine but is also an attractive garden plant. It is commonly called garden heliotrope, common valerian or all-heal, and is a clumping perennial with scented leaves, stems, flowers and roots.
The Valerian plant root has a long history of use as a sedative. It is a non-native species that is often grown in medicinal herb gardens for its hypnotic, anti-spasmodic and sedative effects. The plant is often used as a herbal remedy, and it is sometimes used as a food flavoring.
However, it should be used with caution, as it can cause side effects such as headaches and dizziness.
Side effects of Valerian plants
Side effects of valerian observed in cases of usage of higher dosages include headache, stomach upset, mental dullness, excitability, uneasiness, heart disturbances, and even insomnia in some people. A few people feel drowsy in the morning after taking valerian, especially at higher doses. Some people experience dry mouths or vivid dreams.
| Valerian | |
| Water | Keep soil lightly moistened. |
| Soil ph | 6.0-7.0 |
| Sunlight hours | Full sun to afternoon shade |
| Pests and Diseases | Disease resistantGreen, black aphids and often, mildew. |
| Temperature | 65°F-68°F |
| Soil composition | Any well draining soil; prefers sandy loam. |
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